Heat Exhaustion vs Heat Stroke: What Parents Must Know
During very hot days, children can overheat much faster than adults.
Their bodies produce more heat and sweat less efficiently, which means they are at higher risk for heat-related illness.
Two conditions parents should know about are heat exhaustion and heat stroke.
One is serious.
The other is a medical emergency.
🥵 Heat Exhaustion (Early Warning)
Heat exhaustion happens when the body loses too much fluid and salt through sweating.
Common signs include:
* Heavy sweating
* Pale, cool or clammy skin
* Headache
* Dizziness
* Nausea or vomiting
* Muscle cramps
* Weakness or fatigue
* Thirst
* Fast pulse
What to do:
✔ Move your child to a cool shaded area
✔ Remove excess clothing
✔ Offer cool fluids or oral rehydration
✔ Use cool cloths or a fan
If treated early, children usually recover quickly.
🚨 Heat Stroke (Medical Emergency)
Heat stroke occurs when the body can no longer control its temperature and begins to overheat dangerously.
Body temperature can rise above 40°C and this can cause damage to the brain and organs.
Signs include:
* Very hot skin (may be dry or sweaty)
* Confusion or unusual behaviour
* Severe headache
* Vomiting
* Rapid pulse
* Difficulty breathing
* Seizures
* Loss of consciousness
What to do immediately:
🚑 Call emergency services or go to the ER immediately
While waiting:
✔ Move the child to a cool place
✔ Remove clothing
✔ Cool the body with water, ice packs or wet towels
✔ Fan the child
Do not delay medical care.
🛡️ Prevention Tips for Parents
* Encourage children to drink water regularly
* Avoid outdoor play during the hottest part of the day (11am-3pm)
* Wear light clothing and hats
* Take frequent shade breaks
* Never leave children in parked cars
Remember: cars can heat up dangerously within minutes.
💡 A simple rule for parents:
If your child becomes confused, very lethargic, or stops sweating in the heat seek medical help immediately.
Dr Willem Smit
Paediatrician
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